Americas Reaction to the Holocaust Essay - 991 Words

Americas Reaction to the Holocaust In the years of the Second World War, American leaders were aware of the plan of the Germans to exterminate all the Jews in Europe, yet they did not act to save them. The attitude in society and the state of the economy in the years leading up to the war made for conditions that did not make saving them likely. Most Germans despised the Weimar Republic, which held control of Germany at the time they signed the Versailles Treaty. This treaty crippled Germany after they lost The First Great War. The proud Germans saw this republic as weak. Adolph Hitler, an Austrian born man of German lineage, claimed that the only true Germans were Aryans and that the Jewish influence in the Weimar Republic†¦show more content†¦(Wyman) Even with such massive extermination the German leaders were unsatisfied and demanded a more efficient and permanent answer to the problem. The directive to exterminate all the Jews in Europe was issued on July 31, 1941. In December of that year, a law banning Jews from leaving any German territories was put into effect. Then finally, on January 20, 1942, Reinhard Heydrich came up with what was termed the final solution to the of the Jewish question. He proposed a plan to erect six camps built for killing large numbers of people. The Germans built six such camps in the two years to follow, Belzec, Majdanek, Treblinka, Sobibor, Auschwitz, and Chelmno. Chelmno was the first of the camps to be built. It used large trucks into which they crammed as many Jews as possible who choked on the trucks own exhaust fumes. Most of the other camps had permanent gas chambers, which killed by the fumes of a stationary engine. Although Auschwitz used Zyklon B, a type of hydrogen cyanide. Thes e venues of death were host to over 3 million Jews who lost their lives. (Wyman) The conditions in the camps were so terrible that they drove the poor Jews who lived through it into madness. One such survivor published his experiences in a book entitled Night. Elie Weisel, the books author, reports of conditions so horrible that he lost his faith and his sense of humanity. Weisel and hisShow MoreRelatedNegligence in Reporting the Jewish Holocaust1123 Words   |  4 Pages The Jewish Holocaust, one of the most horrific mass murders in human history, took place from January 30, 1933 until May 8, 1945. Hitler blamed the Jewish population for Germany’s downfalls at the time, and his anti-Semitic views eventually led Germany to create a complicated scheme of Jewish extermination. Over six million Jewish lives were lost in this mass murder. America, usually portrayed as the country that lends a helping hand to all nations in desperate need, did absolutely nothing to aidRead MoreEssay on Nightfather by Carl Friedman834 Words   |  4 PagesRunning and scream ing. Burning and freezing. The survivors of the Holocaust have been through it all. 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Indifference And The Holocaust1684 Words   |  7 PagesU.S. Indifference to the Holocaust On November 25, 1942, approximately three years after Hitler started World War II The New York Times ran their first report that the Nazis had created a policy to eradicate the Jews of Europe. This story, confirmed by the State Department, did not run on the front page. It appeared on page 10 (Ostrow). President Franklin Roosevelt could have made this a major issue, but he said and did nothing. Other popular magazines such as Time, Life, and Newsweek reportedRead MoreHow is the extinguishing of the Jewish and Native American races similar?1743 Words   |  7 PagesWorld War II, which was spanned a shorter timeframe. 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Industrial Relations and Human Resources Masters Program Personal

Essays on Industrial Relations and Human Resources Master's Program Personal Statement Personal Statement Jane Lee, 47 Torsh Dr. Toronto, ON. L8Y 5K7, (905) 751-1858, 25th February, Admissions Officer, of Toronto for Industrial and Human Resource Relations, Toronto, ON. L6Y 3K2, (905) 642-2947, Dear Mr. /Miss, REF: APPLICATION FOR A MASTER’S PROGRAM I hereby write this letter to apply for a master’s program in your school. I am a female of 24 years old. I have a bachelor in psychology and accounting and financial management as well as a minor in human resource management as will be indicated in my resume. I developed a major interest in Human Resource Management during my second year when I took it as an elective. I found the course materials and the assignments to be quite intriguing and interesting. That is the period that marked my introduction to Human Resource and there is no going back. My Strategic Human Resource Planning course required that I come up with a research paper concerning current Human Resource issues. It was a requisite to outline the challenges faced by companies in relation to their coping skills and highlight our response to it. I worked in a group whereby we chose motivating employees using perks and benefits. This assignment shed more light on the significance of Human Resource as it is fundamental in handling such issues as retention, turnover, and employee satisfaction. My strengths that make me a perfect fit for this position are great time management, organization, interpersonal skills, as well as adaptation skills. Additionally, I am a perfectionist in everything I do; I can do a wonderful job of multitasking; I know how to keep up with the activities around me which helps me to stay on top of tasks at all times. Altogether, these skills make me the best in anything that I’m required to do. I simply always give it my best shot. For community service, I volunteered at HRPA Grand-Valley Chapter as part of the student mentorship program. This is a new program which was in dire need of intense promotion. I applied my human resource knowledge and deployed social networks like linkedin and facebook for this. Moreover, I made a perfect match of the mentors and mentees and so far I can attest that under my supervision everything ran smoothly. I do have short-term and long-term goals. My short-term goals are to gather extensive knowledge on recruitment which is a part of Human Resource. I intend to complete the National Knowledge Exam. This is where the program comes in as it will play a principal role in the preparation for this exam as well as application for jobs. I would like also to build a great social network with my classmates and professors which could come in handy in future. My long-term goals are to work in firms specifically in the Human Resource Department in charge of recruitment. I also intend to acquire experience and CHRP designation and be able to practice Human Resource in companies. So far, I am pleased to mention that there are no gaps in my education during my study at the University of Waterloo. Everything is up to date. I will attach my school documents for reference. I should mention that I had difficulty earlier on in establishing the right career path for myself. After my high school education I pursued a career in accounting which I later realized wasn’t exactly my field of interest. My class performance suffered as I couldn’t keep up with the lectures. I later pulled through and completed my co-op term at an accounting firm for four months. During this period I was absolutely convinced that accounting is definitely not my field of specialization. After thorough thinking I settled on Human Resource which I am glad to say has not disappointed me. I enjoy it so much more and I could see myself doing this for a long time. In addition, when my grandmother passed away last year I had to take a lot of breaks from school in order to help at home. This was a blow to my studies during that period though I did manage to get my grades back up in the long run. I do hope that my application will convince you to consider me for a chance to pursue this program as I am completely sure it is what I want to do. I have attached copies of my documents along with this letter. I look forward to your reply. Thanks in advance. Sincerely, (Signature) Jane Lee

Environmental Impact Assessment for Growth- MyAssignmenthelp.com

Question: Discuss about theEnvironmental Impact Assessment for Economic Growth. Answer: Environmental impact assessment (EIA) has emerged and is considered as the part tof the main project requirement in the different countries. Though, EIA in a great way contributes to the sustainable development and with this reducing the poverty in the areas and contributing towards the growth of the individuals (Morrison-Saunders and Retief, 2012). The city Bac Lieu is in the centre of speedy urbanisation, which is motivated by the inspiring economic growth. However, the overall poverty level of the country has declined with the growth in the urban poverty rates. The majority of the resident in the area are the unregistered migrants, which are working in the informal sector (Morrison-Saunders and Retief, 2012). The individuals are living in the informal settlements having the little acess of the basic services and infrastructure and mainly in the awful living conditions. In the year 2000, the government of the Vietnam required the international donor support for addressing the chall enges of the growing urban policies, mainly advancement the communities with lower income (Morrison-Saunders and Retief, 2012). The Alliances of the city agreed in funding the detailed research studies which may contribute in designing the national urban upgrading programme. The NUUP (National Urban Upgrading Project ) and the VUUP(Vietnam Urban Upgrading Project) reflect the governments shift in regard to the more inclusive as well as the urban development model, plus new efforts and emphasis on the broad-based programmes, which have to be termed and resulted as the most sustainable ones (Murombo, 2008). The VUUP has for the society contributed vital improvements in the Vietnams urban environment. The access to the natural and the basic services like the drainage, water supply, lighting and the roads has significantly improved with the passage of time, and now at least two lakes low-income people have the access to much better kindergartens, health centres and also the primary schools (Murombo, 2008). Community Participation: The communities participated actively in the participated in the implementation and the designing of the project. The various meetings are attended and also supervised by the work related to the infrastructure upgrading in the neighbourhoods. Communities also contributed their efforts, time and with this also donated the land for the improvement of the access in the areas upgraded. From side to side strategic development, the preliminary focus areas of the eco-city expansion programme incorporated the green buildings, sustainable transportation promotion, development of the eco-tourism, environmental preservation projects and managing the economic growth of the urban areas in a reasonable manner. The project outcomes resulted in the strategic planning process to be strengthened with the involvement of the stakeholders and improving the priorities with identifying the local adaptive capacity and creating the improved opportunities for mobilising the resources required for realising th e expansion of the first eco-city as the Bac Lieu City. In the EIA process, public consultation is required for informing the public about the project and the potential issues related to the environment and to receive the input of the public related to the proposed project. The consultation was carried out in the two different rounds with the local authorities and the communities. The public consultations have the positive impact on the urban development planning. The comments related to the project will be acknowledged and specific implementation will be done to come with the effective and proper design, construction solution for ensuring quality and project progress. Management The environmental management has been since now fast and increasingly practiced as the main component refer the business plan of the operation which claims to be very much efficient, sustainable and also, on the other hand, compliant with the legislation which is particularly very evident refer the activities of the city (Bilgin, 2015). Properly implementing all kinds of the green marketing strategies and the environmental programs shall lead to a comparative better firm competitiveness and environmental performance. Practicing and Promoting of the ISO 14001 series shall increase the environmental performance (Loxton, Schirmer and Kanowski, 2013). The risk assessment includes the human health and the risk related to the ecology. The risk assessment in the planning includes the encouragement of the critical and integrated thinking related to the environmental pathways with an opportunity to focus on the activities related to the risk reduction such as pollution prevention, mitigation measures and waste minimisation. The activities to lessen the environmental damages are continuously required as well. Significant monitoring programs are started and implemented so as to reduce the relevan opportunity of having the trade partners which are acting illegally or even unethically refer the terms of the environmental plus the social complexities (Loxton, Schirmer and Kanowski, 2013). It has also been found that the evaluation, audits, assessment practices of the business partners impact the environmental performances positively. The Vietnam is an important provincial socioeconomic centre plus on the other hand also the popular site of the World Heritage. But the city is vitally facing some main challenges which are related to the fast urbanisation, economic growth, and impacts of the change in climate (Bhattacharya and Bundschuh, 2015). Further, the city is fast developing the Hoi, which is An Eco-city Programme of development at the end of the year 2030. The UN-Habitat is continuously working in order to facilitate the strict implementation of the Hoi Ans eco-city targets much within the proper framework of the Quang Nam Development and the Provincial Strategy. In the tandem, a change in the climate adaptability and the vulnerability assessment has been integrated and conducted into the complete eco-city planning network (Bhattacharya and Bundschuh, 2015). It gives out an assessment; refer the potential impacts of the atmospheric change at the various geographical areas, sectors and the population groups. By the consultation process and the strategic planning, the first and foremost focus areas of such a kind of the eco-city programme for development involves and includes the promoting sustainable transportation, green building, the developing of the eco-tourism plus the environmental preservation strategies and at last managing the urban economic progress in a manner which is very equitable (Narayanan, 2013). The final result or the outcome of the project is that main capacity of so many stakeholders concerned are connected to the strategic planning process with the passage of time has strengthened, and the priorities in further improving the local adaptive capacity carefully has been finding out, so creating many comparative and better opportunities in order to mobilise the resources needed to realise the overall growth and development of the Vietnams 1st eco-city (Noble, 2000). Impact The concerned project has (i) given clear access to the upgraded and the expanded urban environmental infrastructure refers the local population in the area of the project; enhanced the participation of the local community with more ratio of the poor and women, refer the management and the planning of the urban services; increase the public health matters awareness; and increase the appropriate role of the women in the institutions and the urban management (Noble, 2000). All of the PMUs (Project Manangemet Unit) reports developed the environmental cleanliness and the sanitation, decreased the incidents of the clear and open defecation, plus the willingness to attach to the sewerage and the drainage system, also pay the fees for the solid waste collection. The local government societies and agencies are very much aware of the requirement of the environmental sanitation interventions, which are also clearly mentioned in the socioeconomic policies (Pinelli and Maiolini, 2016). As per th e PCU (Passenger car Units) report, the concerned project has very clearly and successfully reduced plus eliminated the potential adverse resettlement and environmental impacts. The project concerning staff or the authorities has acquired the land and further compensated all of the people, thus affected in respect to the ADB (Asian Development Bank) guidelines and the already approved plans for resettlement (Pinelli and Maiolini, 2016). A comprehensive 239 affected households have been again settled; the people who have been affected being completely satisfied with the local market rate compensation given, that also included the on time provision of the serviced plots of living or the residential plots. The resettlement committee compensation payments at that time were made in such a manner that it was convenient to refer the concerned and the affected households (Saarikoski, 2000). The resettlement sites were given the basic kind of the infrastructure, including water supply connec tions, roads, electricity, and the drainage systems. Refer to the report of the Resettlement Impacts Assessment, the standard of living of the affected humans in the resettlement sites was very much equal to or even at times exceed the standards answer set by the pre-projects. Such kinds of the resettlement plans also were unable to recognise and identify any special type of the vulnerable groups. Negative Impact Even after the positive impact which was a result of this subproject, the overall construction of the proposed investments may result in causing adverse effects on the humans concerned to the project area that also included the ethnic minorities. The adverse impacts denote the potential impacts on the customary rights to access and use the natural resources and land; adverse effects on the socioeconomic and cultural integrity; effects on health, education, livelihood, access to the project benefits, and social security status; and other effects which may change and also undermine the customary institutions and the indigenous knowledge (Saarikoski, 2000). Some special and specific adverse impacts from the proper implementation of the project at the people refer the project area do include: main impacts at the income of the people plus their usual living conditions because of the resettlement and the land acquisition; temporary effects on the small businesses during the period of const ruction; some important risks of the social problems related to health such as HIV/AIDS, infectious diseases, drug use, violence, environmental pollution) because of the presence of an outside workers at the time of the construction; enhanced risks of inundation with particular upgraded lanes in LIAs (Lower Income Areas) that are much higher than the houses bordering these ones (Uzzell, Pol and Badenas, 2002). Sustainability: The project sustainability is to be rated likely. The desired OM program was organised for the financed facilities related to the project (Uzzell, Pol and Badenas, 2002). At times during the completion of the project, Urenco gained the considerable experience in managing and operating the drainage, sanitation, and systems related to the collection of the solid waste with this the capacity of the programme is enhanced through the strengthening of the institution and the capacity programme that are provided at the time of implementation of the project (Uzzell, Pol and Badenas, 2002). The Decrees 88 and 59 approved by the government, which enables URENCOs and local governments for raising the tariffs for recovering the cost of the solid waste and wastewater, which is believed to cover the expenditures of the operating system (Uzzell, Pol and Badenas, 2002). A comprehensive and complete road map refers the tariff enhancement was approved, that allows a smooth and gradual tariff enhancement of around 10% each year until the OM (Operation and Maintenence) costs were completely recovered; any kind of shortfall in the operating expenditures earlier to the full cost recovery shall be then financed by the city and provincial budgets. The financial sustainability is also to a greater extent dependent on the ability of the URENCOs to further generate enough revenues plus the lower OM expenditures (Uzzell, Pol and Badenas, 2002). Conclusion Expected impact as a result of the outcome of the project was to carefully improve the basic quality refer the living and the health of the residents of the urban area and also on the other hand to reduce the poverty in the areas of the 6 project towns, it also concentrated on to promote the balanced and the regional economic enhancement plus on the other hand also lessen the migration from Ho Chi Minh City and the central region to Hanoi (Attia, Boubetra and Saoud, 2014). The outcome or the result of the project was to significantly improve the urban environmental situations and conditions refer the project towns. The concerned project outcome and outputs do include in itself the following; increasing and also, on the other hand, upgrading the environmental infrastructure of the urban area; improving the managerial, autonomy and the technical capacity of the environmental companies based on the urban areas; improving planning and the management capacity of the urban areas and also t he (CPC) which stands for the city peoples committees enhancing the community participation refer the managing and planning of the urban services etc (Attia, Boubetra and Saoud, 2014). At an early stage, this approach was delayed because of many factors, but the stakeholders have then since long carefully focused on the outcomes and the results which came out. The positive experiences which came out from the pilot investment projects gave up no complete guarantee for the large-scale concerns or the applications. But otherwise they at least provided some serious arguments for the matter of discussions, and such an approach, later on, proved to be much more comparatively suitable to protect the basic interests of the societies of the poor refer their confrontation to many authorities. References Attia, S., Boubetra, A. and Saoud, M. (2014). Decision Making Issues Related to Critical Infrastructures Interdependencies Management.Journal of Advances in Computer Networks, 2(1), pp.1-5. Bhattacharya, P. and Bundschuh, J. (2015). Groundwater for sustainable development cross cutting the UN sustainable development goals editorial.Groundwater for Sustainable Development, 1(1-2), pp.155-157. Bilgin, A. (2015). Analysis of the Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) Directive and the EIA decision in Turkey.Environmental Impact Assessment Review, 53, pp.40-51. Loxton, E., Schirmer, J. and Kanowski, P. (2013). Designing, implementing and monitoring social impact mitigation strategies: Lessons from Forest Industry Structural Adjustment Packages.Environmental Impact Assessment Review, 42, pp.105-115. Morrison-Saunders, A. and Retief, F. (2012). Walking the sustainability assessment talk Progressing the practice of environmental impact assessment (EIA).Environmental Impact Assessment Review, 36, pp.34-41. Murombo, T. (2008). Beyond Public Particpation: The disjuncture between South Africa's Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) Law and Sustainable Development.Potchefstroom Electronic Law Journal/Potchefstroomse Elektroniese Regsblad, 11(3). Narayanan, Y. (2013). Religion and Sustainable Development: Analysing the Connections.Sustainable Development, 21(2), pp.131-139. Noble, B. (2000). Strengthening EIA through adaptive management.Environmental Impact Assessment Review, 20(1), pp.97-111. Pinelli, M. and Maiolini, R. (2016). Strategies for Sustainable Development: Organizational Motivations, Stakeholders' Expectations and Sustainability Agendas.Sustainable Development. Saarikoski, H. (2000). Environmental impact assessment (EIA) as collaborative learning process.Environmental Impact Assessment Review, 20(6), pp.681-700. Uzzell, D., Pol, E. and Badenas, D. (2002). Place Identification, Social Cohesion, and Enviornmental Sustainability.Environment and Behavior, 34(1), pp.26-53.

Substance Abuse and Treatment for Adolescents free essay sample

In this paper I will discuss substance abuse among teens, causes, statistics, effects of substance abuse, current treatments, and the importance of developing appropriate treatment options for youth. Statistics Psychologist Gunter Swobota works with adolescent patients with drug and alcohol addictions. While they are able to obtain drugs, such as cocaine, with ease, Swobota feels the biggest problem among teenagers currently is alcohol abuse, which he says is reaching crisis proportions. Swobota, whose research statistics are primarily out of Australia, says that up to 30% of the adolescent population binge drinks at some point, and nearly 75% of those cases have been potentially harmful. He also says this closely compares to adolescents in southern California (Jones, 2009). Interestingly, Swobota says most parents he interacts with are reluctant to admit their children have substance abuse problems. Instead, most refer to their childrens issues as behavioral problem. Most often, the first sign of problems arising are deteriorating grades in school, which prompt parents to seek help (Jones, 2009). We will write a custom essay sample on Substance Abuse and Treatment for Adolescents or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Jean Paul Wils, who works for a program for troubled teens in the Netherlands, says that most of the students he works with come from broken homes, and have lived in poverty for most of their lives. The program Wils works for deals primarily with immigrants. It is estimated that 30 – 40% of adolescent immigrants in the Netherlands have alcohol and drug problems. A group of 14-year-olds were interviewed, and over half admitted to drinking. Of those, 75% admitted to binge drinking. Similar stories and statistics of teen alcohol and drug abuse is found in all countries (Jones, 2009). Recent estimates indicate that 53% of adolescents in the United States have experimented with an illicit drug by the time they graduated from high school. Of those, 32% experimented as early as eighth. It is believed that these estimates are extremely low, as they do not account for youth not attending school (Battjes, Gordon, and Kinlock, 2004). Adolescents living in the Northeast and in socioeconomically disadvantaged urban centers are at particularly high risk for marijuana and other illicit drug use (Adorno, Aguayo, Anderson, Black, Hodge, and Simmons, 2008). Causes Studies have shown that victimization during childhood can be a precursor to substance abuse. Victimization can occur in countless ways, including actual or threatened harm, physical violence, psychological abuse, and neglect. Children are twice as likely as adults to be victimized. Younger children are also more likely to be victimized by older children. Studies have shown that drug and alcohol use may be a coping mechanism for children who have been victimized. It is also proven that adolescents who have experienced victimization have a harder time engaging in substance abuse treatment (Cho, Gotham, And Perron, 2008). The instances of traumatic stress among adolescents in substance abuse treatment centers are high when compared to adolescents in the general community. When youth turn to illegal substances to cope with traumatic stress symptoms, it is a sign that the stress is out of control and needs to be addressed. Most practitioners are not adequately prepared to address traumatic stress. These issues need to be addressed during education or training of practitioners in order to fully treat substance abusers with traumatic stress, otherwise they are more likely to relapse (An, Hall, Smith, and Williams, 2008). Outcomes According to James A. Hall and Douglas C. Smith, substance abuse among adolescents is an enormous societal problem that we need to develop high quality and cost-effective treatment options for. Substance abuse problems during adolescence poses many risks for the future. Adolescents who use are more likely to have addictions as adults. They are also more likely to face delays in normal adult roles, such as relationships, employment, and education (Hall and Smith, 2007). Substance abuse during adolescence is not only a concern because of the direct effects of the substances, but also because they are a predictor of many other problems. It is associated with problems in school, criminal activity, bullying of other adolescents, cruelty to people and animals, and risky sexual activities. It is found that male adolescents are at a higher risk of criminal activity and cruelty to people (Battjes, Gordon, and Kinlock, 2004). Treatment There are many reasons why individuals, both children and adults, do not receive substance abuse treatment. The most commonly reported reason for not seeking treatment is a lack of a perceived need for treatment. According to statistics from 2003 and 2004 surveys, 90. 6% of adolescents with a need for alcohol treatment and 87. % of those needing treatment for drug abuse did not perceive a need for treatment. There are several other commonly mentioned reasons for not seeking treatment as well, including financial barriers, embarrassment or fear about getting treatment, lack of knowledge, and access issues (Adorno, Aguayo, Anderson, Black, Hodge, and Simmons, 2008). Research shows that adolescents seem to be less motivated than adults are to seek or stay in treatment, and that what motivation they have more likely emanates from pressures exerted by external agents such as court officials or family members (Breda and Heflinger, 2004). Female adolescents are reported to have a higher success rate for drug and alcohol treatment than males. For example, results of a study on 203 Native American teens undergoing mandated treatment show that 74. 5% of boys and 87. 1% of girls completed treatment. Of the teens involved in the study, many were referred after legal issues, including drug offenses and violent crimes. It is also reported that the success rate at this facility is higher than the national average, primarily because it has programs specifically tailored for the Native American community (London, 2009). Strengths-Oriented Family Therapy (SOFT) is a treatment program that was developed by social workers. SOFT has an approach similar to many other family therapies and consists of four main activities. First, a family based assessment and motivational feedback. Next, therapist works with individual families through several stages. During the third activity, groups of families are placed together for therapy sessions. In the final stage, SOFT offers case management as needed (Hall and Smith, 2007). Hall and Smith strongly support the SOFT model of treatment because there is such a large emphasis on the family, not just the individual seeking treatment. Statistics have shown that the quality of family relationships can predict adolescent drug use, so building a strong relationship between parent and child is extremely important. They also believe that the focus on positive language, like identifying strengths, staying solution focused, and striving for motivation, plays a major and effective role in treatment, by building the clients self-image and self-esteem (Hall and Smith, 2007). There are many publications dedicated to resources for substance abuse treatment, that include locations, services offered at each, and additional information about the facilities and staff. www. drugstrategies. org is an excellent resource with information for each state, as well as an 800 number that people with substance abuse issues can call to reach trained staff members. Additional resources and information can be found on each states website as well (Internal Medicine News, 2003). Another family based adolescent substance abuse treatment option is the Hartford Youth Project (HYP), based out of Connecticut. One of the most important aspects of HYP is the emphasis on outreach, which involves schools, child welfare, community agencies, families, treatment providers, and others. Outreach workers have proven to be effective in the treatment process by helping substance abusers access treatment and support services, gain skills, reinforcing behavioral change, and education (Adorno, Aguayo, Anderson, Black, Hodge, and Simmons, 2008). HYP’s goal is to reach youth in the community before they became involved with the criminal justice system, in hopes that this would also prevent substance abuse issues. The program was designed to quickly and continuously link families in need to supportive services as part of the intervention process. These supportive services include housing assistance, medical and mental health care, financial support, legal services, vocational training and educational support, transportation, and childcare. These services are considered as important to treatment success as the treatment services themselves, because they can lighten the burdens that lead people to substance abuse (Adorno, Aguayo, Anderson, Black, Hodge, and Simmons, 2008). One of the biggest foals of HYP is to fostering family involvement and build stronger relationships. The belief is that the active involvement of family members in the assessment and treatment planning process facilitates positive treatment outcomes. To accomplish this, family members are constantly involved. Meetings are set up where the child and family are most comfortable. Family members are asked for input on best ways to engage the child. Activities for the family outside of treatment are also an important part of the program and can include sport events, parties, fairs, and camp visits. All of this encourages the families involvement and reinforces the importance of their relationship with the child (Adorno, Aguayo, Anderson, Black, Hodge, and Simmons, 2008). Conclusion It is clear that drug use during adolescence is a serious problem that will likely affect the user for many years into their future. Without appropriate and effective treatment options they are more likely to struggle with addiction and many other problems as adults. It is important to come up with better treatment and prevention options before this problem spirals further out of control.

Radioisotopes essays

Radioisotopes essays This research paper was written to discuss the different uses of radioisotopes that have been discovered so far hopefully more uses will be found in the future. RADIOACTIVITY is a special attribute recognized more by its outward effect rather than its cause. That effect is the spontaneous and irrepressible emission of radiation. Inside an atom is made up of electrons orbiting around a central core called the nucleus. The nucleus is made up of protons and neutrons. Atomic nuclei with the same number of protons, but with differing numbers of neutrons, are called ISOTOPES. There are a few chemical elements in the Periodic Table with isotopes in which the arrangement of protons and neutrons is less than ideal. Because of this, these elements exhibit a degree of nuclear instability, which manifests itself as RADIOACTIVITY. Isotopes, which spontaneously emit radiation, are called RADIOISOTOPES. A radioisotope can lose energy by emitting three different types of radiation: 1. Made up of two protons and two neutrons (the same as the nucleus of a Helium atom). 2. Have a mass number of 4 and an atomic number of 2. 1. Electrons that are emitted from the nucleus of a radioisotope. 2. Have almost no mass (the same as an electron). 1. Is high-energy (short wavelength high frequency) electromagnetic radiation. In medicine radiation is painless and safe. It is also cost effective Patient has to be given a dose of radiation Can be man-made or natural Hard to dispose of In NUCLEAR MEDICINE a radioisotope is administered to a patient either to aid the diagnosis of disease or for the treatment of disease. The radioisotopes used in DIAGNOSTIC nuclear medicine are selected on the basis of their ability to provide useful clinical information while exposing the patient to only minimal radiation. For example the radioisotope should - Possess a short half-life (hours) which is commensurate with the duration of the i...

Free Essays on Mill’s Utilitarianism

the greatest good for the greatest amount of people. In its basic form this is Jeremy Benthams’ definition of utilitarianism. You cannot talk about utilitarianism without mentioning Bentham. He went even further to say that some good actions are better then other good actions. Realizing that this would be hard to prove he developed a formula that measures pleasure and pain. The conclusive definition of Benthams version on utilitarianism is that it focuses upon an action’s relevance depending fully on the value of its consequences. This is called act-utilitarianism. While Bentham was credited to be the father of utilitarianism, John Stuart Mill was considered the heart and soul of it. Mill’s version of utilitarianism focuses on rule-utilitarianism. In this paper I will discuss Mill’s version of utilitarianism and what kinds of objections are raised against it. John Stuart Mill was a student of Benthams and picked up where Bentham left off. He saw the flaws of act-utilitarianism and introduced his theory to overcome the weaknesses. The new theory was called rule-utilitarianism. Instead of looking at the consequences of a particular act Mill’s version of utilitarianism focused on value of the consequences of following a particular rule. The rule, which produces the best overall consequences, is the one that should be followed. To understand rule-utilitarianism, a society must accept that certain rules must be followed. For instance, if stealing is wrong then a rule-utilitarian society would avoid this problem by adopting this rule even if by doing so there is a sacrifice to pleasure. This is true for lying or torturing little animals. Human beings prefer pleasure than pain; as a result, people desire to act in order to achieve the maximum happiness. Mill also saw that there... Free Essays on Mill’s Utilitarianism Free Essays on Mill’s Utilitarianism Mill’s Utilitarianism Imagine a society where the main focus is the maximum happiness of its people on a grand scale; in other words the greatest good for the greatest amount of people. In its basic form this is Jeremy Benthams’ definition of utilitarianism. You cannot talk about utilitarianism without mentioning Bentham. He went even further to say that some good actions are better then other good actions. Realizing that this would be hard to prove he developed a formula that measures pleasure and pain. The conclusive definition of Benthams version on utilitarianism is that it focuses upon an action’s relevance depending fully on the value of its consequences. This is called act-utilitarianism. While Bentham was credited to be the father of utilitarianism, John Stuart Mill was considered the heart and soul of it. Mill’s version of utilitarianism focuses on rule-utilitarianism. In this paper I will discuss Mill’s version of utilitarianism and what kinds of objections a re raised against it. John Stuart Mill was a student of Benthams and picked up where Bentham left off. He saw the flaws of act-utilitarianism and introduced his theory to overcome the weaknesses. The new theory was called rule-utilitarianism. Instead of looking at the consequences of a particular act Mill’s version of utilitarianism focused on value of the consequences of following a particular rule. The rule, which produces the best overall consequences, is the one that should be followed. To understand rule-utilitarianism, a society must accept that certain rules must be followed. For instance, if stealing is wrong then a rule-utilitarian society would avoid this problem by adopting this rule even if by doing so there is a sacrifice to pleasure. This is true for lying or torturing little animals. Human beings prefer pleasure than pain; as a result, people desire to act in order to achieve the maximum happiness. Mill also saw that there...

Functions of article 3 ECHR; Provision or enforcement of standards Essay

Functions of article 3 ECHR; Provision or enforcement of standards - Essay Example This is a question that might get so many awkward answers if a clear interpretation of the article is not given. The first question any person would ask before answering this question is whether the convention has any jurisdiction to influence laws on crime and social support in countries outside Europe. The provisions of Article one of the ECHR have been a tough nut to crack particularly because the stipulations in the article are a little confusing and to some extent ambiguous. The bone of contention in this article is usually the extra-territorial authority of the convention. Miller set to establish the boundaries of the convention authority and found out that the extra-territorial authority of the convention was in question1. She admitted that that article one of the convention doesn’t give the clear amplitude of the convention’s jurisdiction and continued to stress that the convention’s participation in the ‘war on terror’ campaign only soured t he wound rather than disinfect it. In a bid to avoid the contentious issue of its jurisdiction, the convention has referred to its ties with other internationally recognized bodies such as the United Nations. For example in the Behrami v. France case and the Saramati v. France case, the ECHR where the issue of the convention’s jurisdiction was raised and the convention decided to counterattack these concerns play playing the card of its relations with the UN charter. Ryngaert examined the time where the scope of ECHR’s jurisdiction that was presented when looking at the Al-Skeini v the United Kingdom case2. The case was brought to the attention of ECHR by six Iraqi natives who had close family and social ties with some Iraqi citizens whose lives were ended by British soldiers in a town that is south of Iraq know as Basrah. The six brought the case to the ECHR in form of an appeal claiming that the UK had gone against the sentiments articulated in articles three and two of the convention as the soldiers inflicted pain and killed the Iraqis in one of their detention facilities. Articles two and three are against the brutal treatment of any individual and the separation of an individual with his or her life. However, the main concern when handling the case was not whether UK had indeed breached the stipulations of articles two or three but whether the location where these acts were committed fell under the legal jurisdiction of the ECHR. After presiding over that case an opinion that people outside ECHR’s reach who have been affected by a breach of the conventions acts could bring the perpetrators of the heinous acts into the ECHR’s immediate jurisdiction for prosecution. However, the ECHR did not confirm these allegations. The ECtHR& ECHR has the mandate to conduct its endeavours to the citizens of the 47 signatory states of the COE but doesn’t add the convention and its court can practise outside the states under the COE3. Jus t by looking at the jurisdiction concerns of the convention the answer to the question is already a big resounding no. But what if we turn a blind eye it the conventions issue of jurisdiction and assume the convention had the global jurisdiction. Would it have the capacity to provide the standards of criminal law and social support then? The reason for the establishment of the ECtHR under the ECHR was to ensure

Global Warming Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words - 1

Global Warming - Research Paper Example Solar radiation enter the blanket due to shortwave nature but unable to escape trough the blanket due to long water nature after reflecting through the surface of earth. However, as the concentration of the green house gases in the atmosphere increased due to the immense usage of fossil fuel resources, the part of the solar radiation that makes a safe escape to the space is unable to escape to the space. Thus, the temperature of the planet is increasing continuously. The phenomenon is often termed as global warming. It is estimated that estimated that between 1906 and 2005, the average temperature of the earth’s surface rose by about 0.74 °C (Hoyt & Schatten, 1993). Global warming was a term that was first used in 1975 by an American scientist â€Å"Wallace Smith Broecker† who discovered the climate of the earth is warming consistently due to various human caused problems. He published a paper in a magazine that he named â€Å"Are we on the brink of a pronounced global warming?† where he first coined the term. In 1979, the term is used to depict the physical phenomenon that is heating up the planet. The article was published by National academy of Science and titles it as, â€Å"The Charney Report† (Yukozimo, 2014). Ozone Layer is a region of dense gases is the stratosphere of the earth that is capable of blocking most of the harmful solar Ultra violet radiations. Ozone layer has higher concentration of ozone as compared to the earth’s surface. More than 90% of ozone is present in the stratosphere of earth. Other atmospheric gases are also there in the earth’s stratosphere. Due to the increasing concentration of the refrigerants, solvents and propellants in the atmosphere, the ozone layer is under depletion with the rate of 4% per decade. Man made chemicals like halocarbons, CFCs, HCFCs, freons,  halons are influencing the ozone depletion. The depletion of the ozone layer is promoting the global

The House of Commons Essay Example for Free

The House of Commons Essay In the House of Commons on May 27, 1919, Sir Robert stated that the government has taken no sides in that dispute. But he also observed that the government occupied a position different from that of the private employer. He asserted that if the needs of the people as a whole are to be regarded we cannot have in this country a complete dislocation of public services founded upon such reasons as have been put forward by the postal employees of Winnipeg, and he announced with some satisfaction at the close of his speech that seventy of the postal employees have returned to work and no difficulty has been experienced in filling the places of those who have not returned. He made no mention of the cost of living as a cause of the strike but did recognize the necessity of arriving at a definition of collective bargaining acceptable both to capital and labour. The attitude of the central government on this subject is of great importance, as it meant that Ottawa gave wholehearted support to the employers and governments at Winnipeg. On June 6, although there had been no serious violence, Mayor Gray banned all parades and forbade the congregation of crowds. On the same day the Dominion Parliament passed, with a remarkable economy of time, an amendment to the Immigration Act, which extended to British-born subjects the Acts provisions concerning deportation by executive order. This amendment, which was the cause of considerable resentment in organized labour groups across the country, passed all three readings in both Houses and received the royal assent in less than an hour. Its significance lay in the fact that it implied that the leadership of the strike was not in the hands of European-born aliens-an implication now definitely proven correct. This was the stage reached in the development of the strike when Woodsworth arrived in Winnipeg on June 8. As he approached the city across the prairies, stopping frequently to fulfil his speaking engagements, he kept himself as well informed about the strike as was possible from outside. He was anxious to use whatever influence he might possess in the city to further a conciliation move, but discovered that there was, by that time, practically no chance of success, chiefly because of the insistence upon cessation of the strike before further negotiations, and the blunt refusal to admit the right of a general strike on principle. Almost immediately upon his arrival, Woodsworth wrote a letter which was published in the Western Labor News, stating his own position and attempting to define the situation. In this statement he returned with great emphasis to one of his earliest established concepts, the sin of indifference. Learning in more detail the preceding developments of the strike, Woodsworth concluded that the general public, or at least that part represented by the Citizens Committee and the three governments, was not prepared to concede any of the strikers claims. Thus there appeared to be no alternative save for the workers to refrain from work to the limit of their resources, and to educate as many of the people on the sidelines as possible. The governments, he considered, were pursuing a course perfectly incompatible with the traditions of British liberty and, to add to his reasons for supporting the strikers, he was fully in sympathy with the goal of industrial collective bargaining. He immediately threw himself into the fray, appearing with strike leaders and outside sympathizers, to address mass meetings in Victoria Park, and helping to raise funds for strikers families. As he observed at close quarters the evolution of the strike he became increasingly convinced that the real plot was not the revolution allegedly sponsored by the One Big Union advocates, but the concerted actions of the Citizens Committee and the three governments to suppress the whole idea of industrial unionism and the sympathetic strike. Woodsworth continued to support the strike vigorously, speaking both at the Labour Church meetings and those of the soldiers parliament. He had completely identified himself with the movement a week after his arrival. Probably Woodsworth sensed the turn that events were about to take and yet was prepared to maintain his stand, since the conduct of the strike itself was distinctly non-violent. Although startled, he was not bewildered by the sudden descent of the full force of government power upon the strike leaders. In the early hours of June 17, the Royal North-West Mounted Police raided various homes in Winnipeg and made ten arrests. The men thus apprehended were hustled away in motor cars to Stony Mountain Penitentiary, and the books, records, and seditious documents discovered in their homes or at the Labor Temple were stored away for use at the trials. Four of the men arrested were foreigners who were later dealt with summarily by the Immigration Board, and who apparently had no intimate connection with the strike leadership. The arrests constituted a very heavy blow at the strike, robbing it of its most vigorous leadership and depriving it of the directors of its chief source of news and exhortation. As soon as Woodsworth heard of the arrests he conferred with his close friend Fred J. Dixon and the two men decided to undo at least part of the threatened disaster by carrying on the labour newspaper themselves.

Free College Essays - The Character of Achilles in Homers Iliad :: Iliad essays

The Character of Achilles in  Homer's Iliad The story of Homer's Iliad actually centers around the "rage of Achilles, contrary to popular belief. At first thought or reading the epic poem seems like its main theme is utlimately the totality and gruesomness of war. In reality it is an ancient "Saving Private Ryan" in that it tells us of the raw details of war without any lack of description and information. However this ultimate devistation and emotion of the actual fighting and Trojan War is not the main focal point of this heroic tale. The real story centers on one awesome fighter, man, and hero--that man is Achilles. Achilles shows the greatest military prowess of any of the Achaean ranks and has the greatest fighting ability of all of the warriors, Trojan or Achaean. At the beginning of Homer's tale Achilles becomes disenfranchised from the rest of his fellow warriors and chooses to retreat back to his own ships of Myrmidons and refuses to fight for the Achaean cause against the Trojans. Not only is Achilles plauged and troubled by problems with his fellow soldiers, but he ultimately must face the fact that he has chosen to live a short and glorious life, as opposed to his other option of a long and blase life. Achilles knows that he must ultimately die in the heat of battle and gain great fame for doing so--if he actually existed and the story is true in this respect then he certainly has ascertained immortal fame in the pages of Homer's tale. Achilles eventually returns to fight on the side of the Achaeans, but not because of anything Agamemnon offers to him in order to get him to return to the fighting. Achilles' best friend and essential "soul-mate", Patroclus, is slain at the hands of the mighty Hector of Troy. Achilles is hence distraught at this happening and therefore goes to wreak his own havoc with the life of Hector to gain revenge. He manages to eventually kill many Trojans and then finally after chasing Hector several times around the city of Troy, slays him and desecrates his body by dragging him excessively as somewhat of an artifice to get his stored up hate, anger, and fear out.

Child and young persons development Essay

There are three main areas of child development. These are physical, communication and intellectual and social, emotional and behavioural development. The physical stage takes place naturally but children must have opportunities to develop their natural skills. Children will need support to develop their gross and fine motor skills. Gross motor skills use the large muscles in the body, arms and legs, for example crawling, walking and throwing. Fine motor skills use the smaller muscles in the fingers for example using a pencil, fastening buttons and using a knife and fork. The communication and intellectual area of development concerns a childs language skills and learning ability. The number of opportunities and experiences a child has been given from an early stage can have an affect on the intellectual development of a child. The â€Å"nature versus nurture† debate describes two different theories of a child’s intellectual development. Some psychologists believe that a childs intellectual ability is something that they are born with, nature. While other psychologists believe that a child’s intellectual development is dependent on the opportunities that they have been given, nurture. How a child feels about itself, others and the confidence they gain are all part of their social, emotional and behavioural development. During this development stage a child will learn about the kinds of behaviour that are acceptable and how to become more independent. For a child to develop to the best of their ability they will need to have a secure environment where they feel safe. Physical development From 0-3 years is a period of great physical development. In their first year a child will develop from having very little control over their body to being able to sit up, roll, crawl and hold objects. A child will start to walk, climb and play with a ball in their second year. As the ability to control their movement becomes greater they will be able to hold smaller objects, feed themselves and begin to dress themselves. In their third year a child will be able to turn pages in a book, use a cup, use crayons and pencils more effectively and walk and run more confidently. It is during this time that they will enjoy using more physical toys like tricycles and scooters. Between the ages of 3-7 a childs physical development means their movements are now more coordinated. The skills they have already developed have become more refined so they can now write, draw and use scissors. They  can also now catch a ball, pedal a bike, hop and skip. The child continues to grow and refine their skills during the ages of 7-12. It is during this stage that they often take up a hobby, for example football or dancing, and the skills that are required by that hobby are further developed. Their fine motor skills become much more controlled which now allows them to be able to sew or play an instrument. Some girls may start to show the early signs of puberty. Between the ages of 12-16 a child goes through adolescence. During this period they grow stronger, taller and their weight will increase. Most girls will have gone through puberty in this stage and boys will be starting to go through it. As all children go through puberty at different times there will be a great difference in strength and height of different children. On average by the end of this stage usually boys are taller than girls. It is during this stage in development that a young person will be more likely to m aster a skill. At the age of 16-19 a young person is now an adult. Most girls would have reached physical maturity by this stage but boys will continue to physically develop until they are in their mid 20’s. Communication and intellectual development As soon as a child is born they begin to learn the skills of communication when adults talk and sing to them. It is important that they are stimulated because they can experience difficulties with communication in later life if they are not. From the age of one a child will begin to speak, single words at first but by the age of two they may begin to form simple sentences. Their vocabulary will increase quickly, so they may have a vocabulary of around 200 words. By the age of three a child will start to use plurals and negatives in their speech. As the child becomes more social between the ages of 3-7 they begin to use familiar phrases and expressions. They will start to ask questions and use past and future tense. A childs intellectual development during this stage includes learning to read and improving their writing, drawing and number skills. During the ages of 7-12 years a childs communication and intellectual development continues to refine skills they have already developed. Most children are now fluent speakers and their reading and writing skills continue to improve. They are now able to process information more effectively and can reason with others. This stage of development allows them to use more abstract ways to develop their own  ideas. From the age of 12 to the age of 18 a young person will begin to get a clearer idea of what subjects they like and they will become more motivated in these subjects. They also begin to develop a clear preference for art or science and start to question sources of information. They may begin to try and avoid subjects they do not like or show a lack of confidence in them. It is important that during this stage of communication and intellectual development young people feels good about themselves and that they feel a sense of belonging. By the ages of 16-19 the young person is le aving school. They will be looking at their strengths and ways to continue to develop these so they can use them for their future. Social. Emotional and behavioural development The social, emotional and behavioural stage of development for a child between the ages of 0 –3 years will include the child smiling, gazing, forming strong attachments, with parents at first, and using a comforter like a dummy or a blanket. During this stage a child may become attention seeking, reluctant to share and start having temper tantrums. The tantrums are usually because of frustration and wanting to be more independent. Social, emotional and behavioural development is more prevalent from the age of three up to the age of twelve. Between the ages of 3-7 a child will begin to play with others rather than playing alongside them, parallel play. They will begin to form friendships, socialise and use imaginative play. A child will enjoy being independent and having responsibility but they will start to seek adult approval. During this stage of development it is important that a child learns about boundaries, what they are, why they are important and why they are necessary . Firm friendships are developed where the children are supportive of each other between the ages of 7- 12 years. Children will usually play in groups of children of the same sex and they will be more aware of what other people think of them. They will develop a sense of what is right and wrong and they will be uncertain of any changes in their surroundings. It is important that during this stage of development they are given activities that require them to become more independent and they continue to receive praise and encouragement. Between the ages of 12 –16 friendships become very important to a young person, they begin to spend more time with their friends and want more independence. They may experience  peer pressure, feeling pressured from their friends to do something or act in a certain way. During this stage in development a young persons self esteem can be very sensitive, this is due to the changes in their body due to puberty. They will begin to become very concerned about what other people think about them. Young people may feel under a great deal of pressure because of the increase in expectations of them as they are growing up and they may not be aware of how to behave in some situations. It is important to remember during this stage that even though they may begin to look like an adult a young person will still need guidance and advice. From the age of 16-19 the young person becomes an adult but they will still need advice as they lack experience in many areas of life. The way in which people interact and their emotional maturity will vary between different people. It is important to remember that development is a holistic process and the milestones previously described are a broad average. Every child is unique and develops at their own rate some children may hit the milestone earlier than others, some may hit them a little later than others A childs development may be split into three main areas but these areas are not independent of each other. All three areas of development are linked for example a child who is good at football has refined a physical skill which will enable him to socialise more and grow in confidence. It is also often the case that a child who is a low achiever has social, emotional or behavioural problems. A childs development can be affected by different factors including their background, health, and the environment that they grow up in. Children in schools can come from many different backgrounds and cultures. During their time at school a lot of children will experience changes in their home life this could include illness, family break up and moving house. All these can affect a childs development in different areas. I currently work with a child who is 9 years old and the second youngest in a family of four. The children were taken from the family home three years ago because their parents had alcohol problems, which were affecting the welfare of the children. This childs background has greatly affected their development in a number of ways. Their development in social and behavioural areas has been affected, as they are very confrontational and disruptive. They find  friendships quite difficult, as they tend to be controlling. They are a low achiever; their literacy and reading levels are lower than expected this may be because they have not received any support from home or had the opportunity to read to anybody. A child who suffers from a physical disability, impairment or ill health can have developmental problems. Their disability or impairment may mean that they cannot engage in certain activities which may limit what social activities they can participate in. they may have problems with their fine motor skills meaning that they would find holding a pen or pencil difficult. If a child is absent from school a lot because of illness they may find it hard to catch up on the work they have missed and they may find making firm friendships difficult. It is important that adults within a school are aware of the problems these pupils face so that they can support them in the best way possible. Children who come from a background of deprivation and poverty are more likely to have problems achieving in school. The childs parents would have difficulty managing the needs of their child, which would have an affect on their development. The child may not have access to books to help with reading and other materials that would support their studies at school. Development may be affected in a child who has been experiencing a different method of schooling, such as home schooling or a child with no previous education for instance if they have come from another country where formal education does not start until a later age. This child would need additional support until they have settled in school. If a child is in care this may affect their development. Their social, emotional and behavioural development will be affected but the school will monitor them closely and put into place any support that they feel is necessary. Every child or young person will go through a period of change, transition, while they are at school. There are school-based transitions such as changing class along with a change of teacher also changing key stage. The biggest school-based transition that a child will have to face is moving from primary school up to secondary school. During their school life they will also face personal transitions as they go through puberty. When children go through, or are coming up to a transition period they should be given lots of opportunities to talk about what is happening or going to  happen. They should be able to ask questions that will help them be as informed as possible. Being informed can help minimise any negative affects transitions may have on a childs development There are some transitions that not every child will experience. These transitions are usually unexpected and the child may not prepared for it. These transitions could include parental separation, bereavement, a parent changing their partner, moving house, new sibling, illness or injury and a change of carer. Parents should inform the school if something has happened or is going to happen that could have an affect on their child so the school can support the child where necessary. As a member of staff you have to be aware that this does not always happen, if you notice that a child begins to behave out of character then you must inform other members of staff of your concerns. If you work with a child who is experiencing parental separation this could affect the child in many ways but it is important to remember when speaking with the parents you must be sensitive. Bereavement for a child can be very traumatic. Schools usually have procedures in place that will help guide the staff i n the best ways to support the child while they go through this difficult period. A child whose parent has recently changed partner can be greatly affected by the change. How often the child sees their absent parent and how the new partner is introduced to them will affect how big the impact of this transition will be on the child. In this situation you will need to be sensitive when talking to the childs parents. Moving house can be quite exciting for some children, especially those who are not having to change schools but for children who are it can be a very daunting time. If a child has just started at school after moving into the area the child will need support until they have settled into their new school. A new sibling can have an affect on children, particularly young children. Having to vie for their parents’ attention can be difficult to cope with for some children, especially if it is for the first time. A child will need support if they or their loved one becomes ill or injured. They will need support until they become used to the change in their circumstances however long or short that may be. If a child you are working with is in care they may find it difficult to cope with if they have a change of carer. School and social services work very closely with each  other in these circumstances and would be able to support and advise any staff that work with the child. Transitions can affect children in many different ways. They may become withdrawn and quiet, attention seeking, very anxious or they could start behaving uncharacteristically. It is very important that children feel secure in other areas of their life and that they are supported during any transitions. They should be given opportunities to talk about how they are feeling and to ask any questions they may have. If the children are aware of what is going to happen and prepared it can lessen the negative affects that the transition may have. If you know that a child or a group of children are going to experience a transition, such as a change of class, teacher, school or even sitting exams, then you can plan ahead on how best to support them during this period. Transitions can be very traumatic for children so it is vital that they receive support or there social and emotional development can be affected.

Media violence: Pointing at the wrong culprit

Nowadays, violence in the streets is becoming commonplace. Headlines are screaming of assaults and other senseless crimes. Thus, it is necessary to understand what causes violence to minimize, if not stop, its prevalence in society. In this age of technology, media is very influential among people because of its global reach. Thus, there have been arguments that media violence translates to societal violence. Through the years, there has been an increase in the quantity of violence, and media has been transforming to a more sexual, graphic, and sadistic media. Because of the technological development, bullets exploding in people's brains were seen in slow motion in movies. Wrestling fans cheer over hard-hitting action, and one particular video game's, Grand Theft Auto, goal is murdering as many people as possible. Moreover, extremely violent lyrics are common in music. The Web makes access to all these kinds of media easily accessible as well as contains violent materials (Vidal, Clemente, & Espinosa, 2003). The presence of cruelty in different types of media means that it is appealing to people. Violence is incorporated to media because it is what â€Å"sells† to people. The question now is, Does it cause societal violence? Many believe that people exposed to violence in the media have a more aggressive behavior. Media has been accused of teaching children how to kill people. However, the actual connection between media and violence is yet to be established (Bushman & Anderson, 2001), and some researchers believe that blaming media is only one way for others who refuse to believe that the actual violence is seen at home and in the community. Indeed, guns, drugs, alcohol, and poverty heavily influence youth, much more than media does. Those who are believed to be influenced by media live in ghetto cities where people mostly are in the low socioeconomic bracket and belong to the minority groups. A common factor among these people is the presence of abuse and violence, even before the media became a part of the popular culture. Rap music, accused for its violent lyrics, originated from these areas, a reflection of the experiences of those who created the music. Artists of metal music are said to incite violent tendencies among youth, and Marilyn Manson was blamed for the Columbine shooting. Similar to rappers, metal music artists usually had poor upbringing and exposed to violence throughout their childhood. Cases against the rock bands claiming that they are responsible for influencing the violence in teenagers were dismissed because the teenagers were under the influence of drugs and, similarly to most artists, have depressing lives. In reality, music does not cause violence; rather, musicians are only expressing the violence that they experienced in the society.Approximately 90% of violent youths were exposed to violence at homes, were abused, and have depressing lives, even before they learned how to listen to music. As regards movies depicting violent scenes, these only slightly increase aggression (Freedman, 2002). Similarly to music, movies only emulate reality, and the graphics only help to make films as â€Å"real life† as possible. Again, it is the poor home environment that raises a violent child. As an example, movies, animes, and video games in Japan are more violent than in the United States, but are there any reported incidents of shootings by teenagers at school? None. Furthermore, there are less incidence of crimes committed by teenagers. Indeed, violence in society is rapidly rising, but people should not point their fingers at the wrong culprit—media. Media violence does not cause societal violence; rather, violence is only portrayed in media. Although it is true that violence in media increases aggression in children, ultimately, proper upbringing is essential to ensure that a child does not grow to be a violent person. Instead of focusing on media violence, people should focus on the real problem—poverty, drugs and alcohol, loose gun laws, and domestic violence. References Bushman, B. & Anderson, C. (2001). Media violence and the American public: Scientific fact versus media misinformation. American Psychologist, 56(6–7), 477–489. Freedman, J. (2002). Media violence and its effect on aggression: Assessing the scientific evidence. Toronto: University of Toronto Press. Vidal, M.A., Clemente, M., & Espinosa, P. (2003). Types of media violence and degree of acceptance in

Anthrax essays

Anthrax essays As our country stands in the aftermath of the September 11 terriostist attacks the fear of biological warfare worsens as each day passes. During these trying times the word "Anthrax" strikes fear to the heart of many people. All americans need to learn some knowdglegde of Anthrax, what it is, uses of it, how it spreads, and what are the symptoms, and treatment for them. Most americans have heard very little about Anthrax before the events of Sept 11. Virulence of Cacillus Anthracis, Anthrax, is dependent on a 3-component exotoxin and an antiphagocytic poly-d-glutamic acid capsule.() It is formed in plant eating animals such as pigs, cows, and sheep. It occurs naturally in nature, and is caused by the bacteria Bacillus Anthracis. Anthrax is a very old i''ness. It is greatly common were livestock is raised. The occurence has been decreased in both animals and humans since the implement of immense immunization.() Although Anthrax is mostly found in plant eating animals and occurs naturally it can be use many ways for different reasons. On April 2, 1979 in the small Soviet city of Sverdlousk there was an unusal outbreak of Anthras whick affected 94 people and killed at least 64. Livestock in the area also died. The goverment claimed the deaths on intestial Anthrax from tainted meat. It was not until years later that american scientist found that the outbreak was caused by an accidental release of Anthrax spores from an aerosol of Anthras pathogen at a Societ biological weapons base in the city. All the victims and livestock were infected in a straight line downwind from the base when the release happened. If the wind had blown towards Sverdlousk that day the death rate could had have been hundreds or thousands() As shown in the deadly outbreak of 1979 Anthrax can be a very effective Biological warfare agent. Anthra ...

Sample Grad School Recommendation Letter by a Professor

Sample Grad School Recommendation Letter by a Professor Successful graduate school applications are accompanied by several, usually three, recommendation letters. Most of your graduate admissions letters will be written by your professors. The best letters are written by professors who know you well and can relay your strengths and promise for graduate study. Below is an example of a helpful recommendation letter for admission to graduate school. What Effective Recommendation Letters Should Include An explanation of the context in which the student is known (classroom, advisee, research, etc.)The evaluationData to support the evaluation. Why is the student a good bet? What indicates that he or she will be a competent graduate student and, eventually, professional? A letter that does not provide details to support statements about the candidate is not helpful. What to Write Below is a template to help you organize your ideas as you compose a students letter of recommendation. Section headers/explanations are in bold (dont include these in your letter). Attention: Admissions Committee [if a specific contact is provided, address as indicated] Introduction: I am writing to you in support of [Student Full Name] and [his/her] desire to attend [University Name] for the [Program Title] program. Though many students ask me to make this request on their behalf, I only recommend students whom I feel are well-suited for the program of their choice. [Student Full Name] is one of those students. I highly [recommend, recommend without hesitation; as appropriate]  [he/she] be given the opportunity to attend your university. The Context in Which You Know the Student: As Professor of Biology at University Name, for X years,  I have encountered many students in my classroom and lab [edit as appropriate]. Only a small handful of outstanding students offer a unique perspective and really embrace their learning of the subject matter. [Student Name] has consistently shown promise and commitment, as indicated below. I first met StudentName in my [Course Title] course during the [Season and Year] semester. Compared to the class average of [Class Average], [Mr./Ms. Last Name] earned a [Grade] in the class. [Mr./Ms. Last Name] was evaluated on [explain basis for grades, e.g., exams, papers, etc.], in which [he/she] performed exceptionally well. Illustrate the Students Competencies: Though StudentName has consistently exceeded in all areas of [his/her] coursework, the best example of [his/her] promise is indicated in a [paper/presentation/project/etc.] on [works title]. The work clearly showed [his/her] ability to deliver a clear, concise and well-thought presentation with a new perspective by demonstrating.... [embellish here]. [Provide additional examples, as appropriate. Examples that illustrate research skills and ​interests, as well as ways in which you have worked closely with the student are particularly useful. This section is the most important part of your letter. What can your student contribute to the graduate program and professors with whom she may work? Why is she exceptional - with support?] Closing: StudentName continues to impress me with [his/her] knowledge, skill and dedication to [his/her] work. I’m sure you will find [him/her] to be a highly motivated, competent, and committed student who will grow into a successful professional [edit as appropriate- indicate why]. In closing, I highly recommend [recommend without reservation; highest recommendation; add as appropriate] Student Full Name for admission to the [Graduate Program] at [University]. Please feel free to contact me if you require further information. Sincerely, [Professors Name][Professors Title][University][Contact information] Recommendation letters are written with a specific student in mind. There is no generic grad school recommendation letter. Consider the above as a guide as to the sort of information to include as you write recommendation letters but tailor the content, organization, and tone for the particular student at hand.

Why We Root For Some Antagonist Portrayed in Film, Literature and Article - 1

Why We Root For Some Antagonist Portrayed in Film, Literature and Television - Article Example The second example is the main character of the series Revenge, whose plot, regardless of whom it hurts, is aimed at selfish revenge. A different example, as reviewed by Cowden (2014) is the Ruthless killer in captain America, the movie. He is ruthless killer whose memory is frequently erased so that he lacks the emotions of regret. This is worse when he beats a friend he had. Throughout the movie, the watcher is still hopeful that his memory is regained to stop the evil nature. The big question is why do we secretly love and enjoy these kinds of characters yet they are schemers, evil, horrific and merciless? The first reason for hating while loving the antagonists is the fact that these characters are a reflection of who we are. If not for rules and the law, most people would be involved in evil and negative acts. Therefore, watching someone else do what we consider evil and hide within brings a sense of commonness and adventure to the viewer. Secondly, according to Langley (2012), the psychological mindset of reactance is also another reason.. He reports that the human always desires what is prohibited. Since the society is against actions of villainy, the psychological reactance makes us to root for the survival of the bad guy. Another reason for the love for villains is revenge. In most cases, villains are motivated by revenge. We understand and recognise their feeling and the spirit behind the revenge(Vivanco, 2012). Vivanco (2012) also explains the fundamental attribution error that makes us love the antagonists. It is noted once a person understands the need of a stranger they are likely to treat them as they would have desired to be treated. Another reason for the love of villains is the psychological mindset that beautiful is good. Most people view people that are physically attractive as good and hence are held in high regard. The villains in most of the films

You need to choose 2 questions and answer it and each question should Essay

You need to choose 2 questions and answer it and each question should have 2 pages answer - Essay Example This represents a difficult position for the change leader in the fact that the shareholders that they will be integrating with will likely to view an understand the way that the company or firm should proceed in a much different way than the new change leader. Although a difference in perspective is not necessarily a bad thing, it will doubtless be difficult for a new change leader if he/she is faced with a situation in which seniority within the firm becomes a central issue. This of represents a situation in which the â€Å"momentum of the organization† is aligned against that of the change leader. Although this is not an impossible situation to engage with, it puts the change leader in a distinct disadvantage. As a means of drawing such a situation to his/her ultimate benefit, the change leader must first seek to integrate a further and more complete understanding and appreciation for the way in which the firm has operated for the past several years. This is of vital due to the fact that many change leaders are tempted to merely dismiss the way in which shareholders have become accustomed to performing certain tasks out of rather egoistic motives. Whereas the change leader is oftentimes tempted to approach a given situation with the understanding that the old ways are inherently flawed, this is ultimately something that must be guarded against. Though it is oftentimes the case that the old ways are inade34quate for leading with certain eventualities, they are not always all bad and require a thorough review from the change leader prior to outright deciding which particular approach is best for furthering the goals and ends of the given organization. As a function of this level of understanding, one of the primary activities that the change leader should engage upon is a thorough and complete review of all of the ways in which business has been previously conducted. Rather than coming into an organization and demanding that all former culture must be d one away with in order to usher in an era of new dynamics, the change leader should be mindful of whether these former cultures contribute to or take away from the unique motives and activities which he/she wish to promote. All too often the change leader is so focused uon instituting his/her own level of procedures and organization that they lose sight of the fact that some of the prior organizational structure can actually work to achieve a degree of synergy with their own designs. As such, seeking to utilize these means rather than forcibly demanding that the participants outright deny the past means which they both are comfortable with and have grown accustomed to can oftentimes lead to a greater degree of net benefit than demanding otherwise. Question 2) The first issue that must be engaged with regards to question 2 is an appreciation and heartfelt discussion with the employee. As Pat believes that his grievance is of merit, it is incumbent upon the change leader to take his c harge seriously as well as integrate his concern into the change process and consider its overall merit. Regardless of whether or not Pat’s particular point of view is useful in furthering the goals of management, the fact that such a central shareholder in the process believes that the project itself is starting off on the wrong foot and going in the wrong direction is worthy of consideration by the change leader. Likewise, as his point of view represents the fact that the team is in conflict it is the responsibility of the manager to seek to identify with and understand his unique concerns before proceeding on with a particular point of view. Although it is impossible to include each and every point of view

Sweeney Todd by Tim Burton Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Sweeney Todd by Tim Burton - Essay Example   Burton, in his bid to ensure that the film retained its most critical aspects consulted heavily with Sondiem, the latter giving as much advice as possible throughout the process.I find that the film has continued to follow Sondiem’s plot while at the same time attempting to make it as short as possible so that it can retain the basic length of motion pictures. Sondiem’s influence can be seen throughout the film, starting from the costumes worn by the actors to the music being performed and this shows that despite the play being adapted to film, it remains faithful to its roots on stage. Furthermore, Burton is able to put his own mark on the film through his ensuring that it is not only dark, but it also includes those roles that different actors play extremely well, hence the film has a natural feel to it. In this way, it is possible to find that the different actors are actually quite comfortable in their roles, hence making the film more natural as it moves from o ne scene to another.However, I find that while the main plot of the play is retained in the film, the latter does not completely remain loyal to the script as seen where the roles of some characters is diminished in favor of others. I believe that this might be as a result of the shorter length of the film when compared to the play which is actually quite long and the original plot cannot be included. I have come to notice that the roles of some of the minor characters are completely removed and that some of their lines are given to other characters.  

Group members documents Essay Example for Free

Group members documents Essay When I compared with my group members documents, we had the same format of explaining only the bits that were different was that how much information each one had included. Also I found that I did not included a telephone number whom to contract if the candidate is not satisfy with the result. This was lacking from my document as we though it is very important to give feedback if the candidate arent happy with the company. We chose Chelsie letter because her letter stood out among us and she also explained in detail why the candidate was rejected in a very polite way and thanking the candidate twice one in the beginning and the other at the end. Also the fact that she has broken down into paragraphs explaining on the matter fact that why the the reason of not being successful. She has also stated that the company likes the candidate potential but there was another person who suited the best position so therefore she has explained that the candidate will be kept in a file informing when a vacancy arise the company will inform the candidate. By this it gives a little hope or a chance for the candidate that the company likes the candidate and they do not want to loose a potential candidate so therefore they kept the candidate to a hold position. Which I think will be easier for the company later on because they do not need to go through the interview process again when wanting to recruit a staff. The use of short simple paragraph also makes us choose her document. In the rejection letter it has included a brief summary of why the candidate is rejected and wishes the candidate best of look in the future for further career. For the induction programme I believe my document has included all the necessary information that needs to be included in an induction document. I included a logo and picture of the staff members. This is because it will help enhance the look of the document as well as represents the company staff which in a result it will look interesting to read and candidate know the company dress code. The company follows the legal legislation as ASDA employ all kind of people to give everyone an equal opportunity to work in the company. Which you can see in the picture. I used bold and bigger font size for the main heading as it will make it stand out from rest of the document. Furthermore, I also used bullet points so that it makes a lot easier for the candidate to read and understand not only that they will be able to see it quicker and get the main points without having to read thoroughly which leads to less time consuming. I divided the parts into sections such as what the first day will include and the second day etc. Which will be helpful for the candidate to know before hand as they can get to prepare earlier. When comparing my document with my group members I found out that all of us had quite a similar documents. Only the layout and designs of the documents were different making it easier for us to choose. Taking it consideration about that we chose Arry document because we felt his document was very professional. This is because he has used text box and simple language with short paragraphs and bullet points to make it easier for the reader to read. Also dividing each of the information into three bits makes it more helpful to understand because it sates what each paragraph represents. The most important part that made us choose was that he included a time table for the candidate to follow which is very useful because it allows the candidate to follow what will be held in that day and it is less likely for the candidate to get lost in the place. For the motivational package again I believe in my document I have stated all the information that needs to be in a motivational document. Again in the document I included a logo and a picture of the company main managers and supervisors. Which makes the document look attractive. I have included all the financial and non financial benefits that the company offers to the candidates. For example I have included them in using bullet points and in short paragraphs explaining in brief summary what each benefits counts and what candidate are able to get. When comparing my document with my group members I think that my document is lacking with so many different points. For example I do not have a front cover for the motivational document which now I think it is important to have as it reflects the overall page of the document. I have not stated a brief summary about what benefits candidate can get and how they can apply to. I have just stated some and the very popular benefits. I also havent included all the benefits that the company offers to the candidate which in result candidate wont be able to know all their benefits which I think it is a very serious matter to take action on to the company if they do not fully explain the benefits. There are many things that I need too improve in order for my document to look professional as good as my group members document. For the motivational package I personally think that I have created the worst document and it is not created to a high standard level among all other previous documents I have produced. I believe that is why for my motivational document it was not chosen by the group members as my documents information were too many missing. So therefore, for the final document we chose Chelsie document. This is because her document is the best among us. Such as she has a massive detail about the motivation as how to encourage staff to work harder to earn the benefits that the company offers to them. We believe that the whole point of the motivational package is to encourage staff to work hard. Her document is well structured in informing the full summary of the benefits the candidate are entitle to which makes it very informative. The use of short and simple paragraph makes it even look better as you can quickly read and get the information fast and its quite straight forward. The rest of our document has also got the relevant information but not that detail like Chelsie. So therefore we chose Chelsie document for the final version of our group document.

FDA Evaluation of Medication Essay -- essays research papers

FDA Evaluation of Medication Introduction The main center within the FDA for the evaluation of medication is known as the Center for Drug Evaluation and Research. The center evaluates all drugs before they are sold. It currently evaluates more than 10,000 drugs that are on the market to ensure that highest standards of those drugs. They also monitor media broadcasts to make sure that messages portrayed are truthful to consumers. Lastly, they provide health care professionals as well as consumer’s information pertaining safest and most effective ways to use drugs. There are three phases that the CDER uses when evaluating drug. The first phase pertains to the initial investigation of a new human drug. These studies are monitored very closely and are sometimes conducted in patients, but are usually conducted most frequently with healthy volunteers. They are designed to determine the metabolic and pharmacological reactions of the drug in humans, and possible side effects of the drug in proportion to dosage. Another reason for this phase is to gain some preliminary evidence on the effectiveness of the drug. During this phase of the research, there should be significant knowledge obtained with regard to the effects of the drug in order to have a second phase that is valid and more in depth. The first phase of study also evaluates the way the drug metabolizes and the potential of activity to affect the performance of the drug. When doing a phase one study of a drug, the number of subjects varies significantly. However, in most phase one studies the number of subjects participating in the study range from twenty to eighty. In the first phase of studies on a drug, the CDER can place a hold on the study for many reasons. Some of the reason may include safety reasons or ethical reasons pertaining to the subjects. The second phase includes the early controlled clinical studies conducted to obtain some preliminary data on the effectiveness of the drug for a particular indication or indications in patients with the disease or condition. This phase of testing also helps determine the common short-term side effects and risks associated with the drug. Phase two studies often the most well controlled, closely monitored, and conducted in a relatively small number of patients, usually involving several hundred people. The third phase of drug research is much expanded... ...s categorized through the rulemaking process as follows: †¢Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Category I - generally recognized as safe and effective and not misbranded. †¢Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Category II - not generally recognized as safe and effective or is misbranded. †¢Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Category III - insufficient data available to permit classification. This category allows a manufacturer an opportunity to show that the ingredients in a product are effective, and, if they are not, to reformulate or appropriately re-label the product. CDER also oversees OTC drug labeling because the safety and effectiveness of OTC drug products depend not only on the ingredients but also on clear and truthful labeling that can be understood by consumers. The CDER is always responsible to inform the producer why the product did not meet the standards set forth by the FDA. If the producer questions or disagrees with the results of the CDER, there are ways in which to approach the issue to have it evaluated further. While the CDER is the final authority on whether or not a product is marketed, they are fair in their evaluation and decisions with regard to products.