Americas Reaction to the Holocaust Essay - 991 Words

Americas Reaction to the Holocaust In the years of the Second World War, American leaders were aware of the plan of the Germans to exterminate all the Jews in Europe, yet they did not act to save them. The attitude in society and the state of the economy in the years leading up to the war made for conditions that did not make saving them likely. Most Germans despised the Weimar Republic, which held control of Germany at the time they signed the Versailles Treaty. This treaty crippled Germany after they lost The First Great War. The proud Germans saw this republic as weak. Adolph Hitler, an Austrian born man of German lineage, claimed that the only true Germans were Aryans and that the Jewish influence in the Weimar Republic†¦show more content†¦(Wyman) Even with such massive extermination the German leaders were unsatisfied and demanded a more efficient and permanent answer to the problem. The directive to exterminate all the Jews in Europe was issued on July 31, 1941. In December of that year, a law banning Jews from leaving any German territories was put into effect. Then finally, on January 20, 1942, Reinhard Heydrich came up with what was termed the final solution to the of the Jewish question. He proposed a plan to erect six camps built for killing large numbers of people. The Germans built six such camps in the two years to follow, Belzec, Majdanek, Treblinka, Sobibor, Auschwitz, and Chelmno. Chelmno was the first of the camps to be built. It used large trucks into which they crammed as many Jews as possible who choked on the trucks own exhaust fumes. Most of the other camps had permanent gas chambers, which killed by the fumes of a stationary engine. Although Auschwitz used Zyklon B, a type of hydrogen cyanide. Thes e venues of death were host to over 3 million Jews who lost their lives. (Wyman) The conditions in the camps were so terrible that they drove the poor Jews who lived through it into madness. One such survivor published his experiences in a book entitled Night. Elie Weisel, the books author, reports of conditions so horrible that he lost his faith and his sense of humanity. Weisel and hisShow MoreRelatedNegligence in Reporting the Jewish Holocaust1123 Words   |  4 Pages The Jewish Holocaust, one of the most horrific mass murders in human history, took place from January 30, 1933 until May 8, 1945. Hitler blamed the Jewish population for Germany’s downfalls at the time, and his anti-Semitic views eventually led Germany to create a complicated scheme of Jewish extermination. Over six million Jewish lives were lost in this mass murder. America, usually portrayed as the country that lends a helping hand to all nations in desperate need, did absolutely nothing to aidRead MoreEssay on Nightfather by Carl Friedman834 Words   |  4 PagesRunning and scream ing. Burning and freezing. The survivors of the Holocaust have been through it all. 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Indifference And The Holocaust1684 Words   |  7 PagesU.S. Indifference to the Holocaust On November 25, 1942, approximately three years after Hitler started World War II The New York Times ran their first report that the Nazis had created a policy to eradicate the Jews of Europe. This story, confirmed by the State Department, did not run on the front page. It appeared on page 10 (Ostrow). President Franklin Roosevelt could have made this a major issue, but he said and did nothing. Other popular magazines such as Time, Life, and Newsweek reportedRead MoreHow is the extinguishing of the Jewish and Native American races similar?1743 Words   |  7 PagesWorld War II, which was spanned a shorter timeframe. 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According to Joe Feagin, in his paper â€Å"DocumentingRead MoreThe, And Deep Inside Me1693 Words   |  7 PagesElie Wiesel, in his novella Night, wrote, â€Å"And deep inside me, if I could have searched the recesses of my feeble conscience I might have found something like: Free at last!† (112). Wiesel was a victim in the Holocaust ; this is a passage recounts his experiences in the concentration camps. For days, he has been carrying the burden of keeping his father alive, but these are his first thoughts after his dad dies. Though it would have been easier to let his father go, it was his responsibility forRead MoreStatesmen versus Warlords1629 Words   |  7 Pagesyears after the last Marine left Vietnamese soil, the debate continues, but evidence places the majority of the blame at the feet of America’s foreign policy makers. 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Just as The Boy in the Striped Pajamas envisions the Holocaust from a child’sRead MoreThe Attack On Pearl Harbor1164 Words   |  5 Pagesbecome involved in World War II. The bombing of Pearl Harbor was a momentous moment in America’s history. World War II started when the German Nazis invaded Poland in a conquest for power and world domination. This led to a series of events resulting in a war between the â€Å"Allied Powers† (mainly Russia, Great Britain, and eventually America) against the â€Å"Axis Powers† (mainly Germany, Italy, And Japan). Prior to America’s declaration of war on Japan, Hitler’s army was swiftly gaining control over much of

Industrial Relations and Human Resources Masters Program Personal

Essays on Industrial Relations and Human Resources Master's Program Personal Statement Personal Statement Jane Lee, 47 Torsh Dr. Toronto, ON. L8Y 5K7, (905) 751-1858, 25th February, Admissions Officer, of Toronto for Industrial and Human Resource Relations, Toronto, ON. L6Y 3K2, (905) 642-2947, Dear Mr. /Miss, REF: APPLICATION FOR A MASTER’S PROGRAM I hereby write this letter to apply for a master’s program in your school. I am a female of 24 years old. I have a bachelor in psychology and accounting and financial management as well as a minor in human resource management as will be indicated in my resume. I developed a major interest in Human Resource Management during my second year when I took it as an elective. I found the course materials and the assignments to be quite intriguing and interesting. That is the period that marked my introduction to Human Resource and there is no going back. My Strategic Human Resource Planning course required that I come up with a research paper concerning current Human Resource issues. It was a requisite to outline the challenges faced by companies in relation to their coping skills and highlight our response to it. I worked in a group whereby we chose motivating employees using perks and benefits. This assignment shed more light on the significance of Human Resource as it is fundamental in handling such issues as retention, turnover, and employee satisfaction. My strengths that make me a perfect fit for this position are great time management, organization, interpersonal skills, as well as adaptation skills. Additionally, I am a perfectionist in everything I do; I can do a wonderful job of multitasking; I know how to keep up with the activities around me which helps me to stay on top of tasks at all times. Altogether, these skills make me the best in anything that I’m required to do. I simply always give it my best shot. For community service, I volunteered at HRPA Grand-Valley Chapter as part of the student mentorship program. This is a new program which was in dire need of intense promotion. I applied my human resource knowledge and deployed social networks like linkedin and facebook for this. Moreover, I made a perfect match of the mentors and mentees and so far I can attest that under my supervision everything ran smoothly. I do have short-term and long-term goals. My short-term goals are to gather extensive knowledge on recruitment which is a part of Human Resource. I intend to complete the National Knowledge Exam. This is where the program comes in as it will play a principal role in the preparation for this exam as well as application for jobs. I would like also to build a great social network with my classmates and professors which could come in handy in future. My long-term goals are to work in firms specifically in the Human Resource Department in charge of recruitment. I also intend to acquire experience and CHRP designation and be able to practice Human Resource in companies. So far, I am pleased to mention that there are no gaps in my education during my study at the University of Waterloo. Everything is up to date. I will attach my school documents for reference. I should mention that I had difficulty earlier on in establishing the right career path for myself. After my high school education I pursued a career in accounting which I later realized wasn’t exactly my field of interest. My class performance suffered as I couldn’t keep up with the lectures. I later pulled through and completed my co-op term at an accounting firm for four months. During this period I was absolutely convinced that accounting is definitely not my field of specialization. After thorough thinking I settled on Human Resource which I am glad to say has not disappointed me. I enjoy it so much more and I could see myself doing this for a long time. In addition, when my grandmother passed away last year I had to take a lot of breaks from school in order to help at home. This was a blow to my studies during that period though I did manage to get my grades back up in the long run. I do hope that my application will convince you to consider me for a chance to pursue this program as I am completely sure it is what I want to do. I have attached copies of my documents along with this letter. I look forward to your reply. Thanks in advance. Sincerely, (Signature) Jane Lee

Environmental Impact Assessment for Growth- MyAssignmenthelp.com

Question: Discuss about theEnvironmental Impact Assessment for Economic Growth. Answer: Environmental impact assessment (EIA) has emerged and is considered as the part tof the main project requirement in the different countries. Though, EIA in a great way contributes to the sustainable development and with this reducing the poverty in the areas and contributing towards the growth of the individuals (Morrison-Saunders and Retief, 2012). The city Bac Lieu is in the centre of speedy urbanisation, which is motivated by the inspiring economic growth. However, the overall poverty level of the country has declined with the growth in the urban poverty rates. The majority of the resident in the area are the unregistered migrants, which are working in the informal sector (Morrison-Saunders and Retief, 2012). The individuals are living in the informal settlements having the little acess of the basic services and infrastructure and mainly in the awful living conditions. In the year 2000, the government of the Vietnam required the international donor support for addressing the chall enges of the growing urban policies, mainly advancement the communities with lower income (Morrison-Saunders and Retief, 2012). The Alliances of the city agreed in funding the detailed research studies which may contribute in designing the national urban upgrading programme. The NUUP (National Urban Upgrading Project ) and the VUUP(Vietnam Urban Upgrading Project) reflect the governments shift in regard to the more inclusive as well as the urban development model, plus new efforts and emphasis on the broad-based programmes, which have to be termed and resulted as the most sustainable ones (Murombo, 2008). The VUUP has for the society contributed vital improvements in the Vietnams urban environment. The access to the natural and the basic services like the drainage, water supply, lighting and the roads has significantly improved with the passage of time, and now at least two lakes low-income people have the access to much better kindergartens, health centres and also the primary schools (Murombo, 2008). Community Participation: The communities participated actively in the participated in the implementation and the designing of the project. The various meetings are attended and also supervised by the work related to the infrastructure upgrading in the neighbourhoods. Communities also contributed their efforts, time and with this also donated the land for the improvement of the access in the areas upgraded. From side to side strategic development, the preliminary focus areas of the eco-city expansion programme incorporated the green buildings, sustainable transportation promotion, development of the eco-tourism, environmental preservation projects and managing the economic growth of the urban areas in a reasonable manner. The project outcomes resulted in the strategic planning process to be strengthened with the involvement of the stakeholders and improving the priorities with identifying the local adaptive capacity and creating the improved opportunities for mobilising the resources required for realising th e expansion of the first eco-city as the Bac Lieu City. In the EIA process, public consultation is required for informing the public about the project and the potential issues related to the environment and to receive the input of the public related to the proposed project. The consultation was carried out in the two different rounds with the local authorities and the communities. The public consultations have the positive impact on the urban development planning. The comments related to the project will be acknowledged and specific implementation will be done to come with the effective and proper design, construction solution for ensuring quality and project progress. Management The environmental management has been since now fast and increasingly practiced as the main component refer the business plan of the operation which claims to be very much efficient, sustainable and also, on the other hand, compliant with the legislation which is particularly very evident refer the activities of the city (Bilgin, 2015). Properly implementing all kinds of the green marketing strategies and the environmental programs shall lead to a comparative better firm competitiveness and environmental performance. Practicing and Promoting of the ISO 14001 series shall increase the environmental performance (Loxton, Schirmer and Kanowski, 2013). The risk assessment includes the human health and the risk related to the ecology. The risk assessment in the planning includes the encouragement of the critical and integrated thinking related to the environmental pathways with an opportunity to focus on the activities related to the risk reduction such as pollution prevention, mitigation measures and waste minimisation. The activities to lessen the environmental damages are continuously required as well. Significant monitoring programs are started and implemented so as to reduce the relevan opportunity of having the trade partners which are acting illegally or even unethically refer the terms of the environmental plus the social complexities (Loxton, Schirmer and Kanowski, 2013). It has also been found that the evaluation, audits, assessment practices of the business partners impact the environmental performances positively. The Vietnam is an important provincial socioeconomic centre plus on the other hand also the popular site of the World Heritage. But the city is vitally facing some main challenges which are related to the fast urbanisation, economic growth, and impacts of the change in climate (Bhattacharya and Bundschuh, 2015). Further, the city is fast developing the Hoi, which is An Eco-city Programme of development at the end of the year 2030. The UN-Habitat is continuously working in order to facilitate the strict implementation of the Hoi Ans eco-city targets much within the proper framework of the Quang Nam Development and the Provincial Strategy. In the tandem, a change in the climate adaptability and the vulnerability assessment has been integrated and conducted into the complete eco-city planning network (Bhattacharya and Bundschuh, 2015). It gives out an assessment; refer the potential impacts of the atmospheric change at the various geographical areas, sectors and the population groups. By the consultation process and the strategic planning, the first and foremost focus areas of such a kind of the eco-city programme for development involves and includes the promoting sustainable transportation, green building, the developing of the eco-tourism plus the environmental preservation strategies and at last managing the urban economic progress in a manner which is very equitable (Narayanan, 2013). The final result or the outcome of the project is that main capacity of so many stakeholders concerned are connected to the strategic planning process with the passage of time has strengthened, and the priorities in further improving the local adaptive capacity carefully has been finding out, so creating many comparative and better opportunities in order to mobilise the resources needed to realise the overall growth and development of the Vietnams 1st eco-city (Noble, 2000). Impact The concerned project has (i) given clear access to the upgraded and the expanded urban environmental infrastructure refers the local population in the area of the project; enhanced the participation of the local community with more ratio of the poor and women, refer the management and the planning of the urban services; increase the public health matters awareness; and increase the appropriate role of the women in the institutions and the urban management (Noble, 2000). All of the PMUs (Project Manangemet Unit) reports developed the environmental cleanliness and the sanitation, decreased the incidents of the clear and open defecation, plus the willingness to attach to the sewerage and the drainage system, also pay the fees for the solid waste collection. The local government societies and agencies are very much aware of the requirement of the environmental sanitation interventions, which are also clearly mentioned in the socioeconomic policies (Pinelli and Maiolini, 2016). As per th e PCU (Passenger car Units) report, the concerned project has very clearly and successfully reduced plus eliminated the potential adverse resettlement and environmental impacts. The project concerning staff or the authorities has acquired the land and further compensated all of the people, thus affected in respect to the ADB (Asian Development Bank) guidelines and the already approved plans for resettlement (Pinelli and Maiolini, 2016). A comprehensive 239 affected households have been again settled; the people who have been affected being completely satisfied with the local market rate compensation given, that also included the on time provision of the serviced plots of living or the residential plots. The resettlement committee compensation payments at that time were made in such a manner that it was convenient to refer the concerned and the affected households (Saarikoski, 2000). The resettlement sites were given the basic kind of the infrastructure, including water supply connec tions, roads, electricity, and the drainage systems. Refer to the report of the Resettlement Impacts Assessment, the standard of living of the affected humans in the resettlement sites was very much equal to or even at times exceed the standards answer set by the pre-projects. Such kinds of the resettlement plans also were unable to recognise and identify any special type of the vulnerable groups. Negative Impact Even after the positive impact which was a result of this subproject, the overall construction of the proposed investments may result in causing adverse effects on the humans concerned to the project area that also included the ethnic minorities. The adverse impacts denote the potential impacts on the customary rights to access and use the natural resources and land; adverse effects on the socioeconomic and cultural integrity; effects on health, education, livelihood, access to the project benefits, and social security status; and other effects which may change and also undermine the customary institutions and the indigenous knowledge (Saarikoski, 2000). Some special and specific adverse impacts from the proper implementation of the project at the people refer the project area do include: main impacts at the income of the people plus their usual living conditions because of the resettlement and the land acquisition; temporary effects on the small businesses during the period of const ruction; some important risks of the social problems related to health such as HIV/AIDS, infectious diseases, drug use, violence, environmental pollution) because of the presence of an outside workers at the time of the construction; enhanced risks of inundation with particular upgraded lanes in LIAs (Lower Income Areas) that are much higher than the houses bordering these ones (Uzzell, Pol and Badenas, 2002). Sustainability: The project sustainability is to be rated likely. The desired OM program was organised for the financed facilities related to the project (Uzzell, Pol and Badenas, 2002). At times during the completion of the project, Urenco gained the considerable experience in managing and operating the drainage, sanitation, and systems related to the collection of the solid waste with this the capacity of the programme is enhanced through the strengthening of the institution and the capacity programme that are provided at the time of implementation of the project (Uzzell, Pol and Badenas, 2002). The Decrees 88 and 59 approved by the government, which enables URENCOs and local governments for raising the tariffs for recovering the cost of the solid waste and wastewater, which is believed to cover the expenditures of the operating system (Uzzell, Pol and Badenas, 2002). A comprehensive and complete road map refers the tariff enhancement was approved, that allows a smooth and gradual tariff enhancement of around 10% each year until the OM (Operation and Maintenence) costs were completely recovered; any kind of shortfall in the operating expenditures earlier to the full cost recovery shall be then financed by the city and provincial budgets. The financial sustainability is also to a greater extent dependent on the ability of the URENCOs to further generate enough revenues plus the lower OM expenditures (Uzzell, Pol and Badenas, 2002). Conclusion Expected impact as a result of the outcome of the project was to carefully improve the basic quality refer the living and the health of the residents of the urban area and also on the other hand to reduce the poverty in the areas of the 6 project towns, it also concentrated on to promote the balanced and the regional economic enhancement plus on the other hand also lessen the migration from Ho Chi Minh City and the central region to Hanoi (Attia, Boubetra and Saoud, 2014). The outcome or the result of the project was to significantly improve the urban environmental situations and conditions refer the project towns. The concerned project outcome and outputs do include in itself the following; increasing and also, on the other hand, upgrading the environmental infrastructure of the urban area; improving the managerial, autonomy and the technical capacity of the environmental companies based on the urban areas; improving planning and the management capacity of the urban areas and also t he (CPC) which stands for the city peoples committees enhancing the community participation refer the managing and planning of the urban services etc (Attia, Boubetra and Saoud, 2014). At an early stage, this approach was delayed because of many factors, but the stakeholders have then since long carefully focused on the outcomes and the results which came out. The positive experiences which came out from the pilot investment projects gave up no complete guarantee for the large-scale concerns or the applications. But otherwise they at least provided some serious arguments for the matter of discussions, and such an approach, later on, proved to be much more comparatively suitable to protect the basic interests of the societies of the poor refer their confrontation to many authorities. References Attia, S., Boubetra, A. and Saoud, M. (2014). Decision Making Issues Related to Critical Infrastructures Interdependencies Management.Journal of Advances in Computer Networks, 2(1), pp.1-5. Bhattacharya, P. and Bundschuh, J. (2015). Groundwater for sustainable development cross cutting the UN sustainable development goals editorial.Groundwater for Sustainable Development, 1(1-2), pp.155-157. Bilgin, A. (2015). Analysis of the Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) Directive and the EIA decision in Turkey.Environmental Impact Assessment Review, 53, pp.40-51. Loxton, E., Schirmer, J. and Kanowski, P. (2013). Designing, implementing and monitoring social impact mitigation strategies: Lessons from Forest Industry Structural Adjustment Packages.Environmental Impact Assessment Review, 42, pp.105-115. Morrison-Saunders, A. and Retief, F. (2012). Walking the sustainability assessment talk Progressing the practice of environmental impact assessment (EIA).Environmental Impact Assessment Review, 36, pp.34-41. Murombo, T. (2008). Beyond Public Particpation: The disjuncture between South Africa's Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) Law and Sustainable Development.Potchefstroom Electronic Law Journal/Potchefstroomse Elektroniese Regsblad, 11(3). Narayanan, Y. (2013). Religion and Sustainable Development: Analysing the Connections.Sustainable Development, 21(2), pp.131-139. Noble, B. (2000). Strengthening EIA through adaptive management.Environmental Impact Assessment Review, 20(1), pp.97-111. Pinelli, M. and Maiolini, R. (2016). Strategies for Sustainable Development: Organizational Motivations, Stakeholders' Expectations and Sustainability Agendas.Sustainable Development. Saarikoski, H. (2000). Environmental impact assessment (EIA) as collaborative learning process.Environmental Impact Assessment Review, 20(6), pp.681-700. Uzzell, D., Pol, E. and Badenas, D. (2002). Place Identification, Social Cohesion, and Enviornmental Sustainability.Environment and Behavior, 34(1), pp.26-53.

Substance Abuse and Treatment for Adolescents free essay sample

In this paper I will discuss substance abuse among teens, causes, statistics, effects of substance abuse, current treatments, and the importance of developing appropriate treatment options for youth. Statistics Psychologist Gunter Swobota works with adolescent patients with drug and alcohol addictions. While they are able to obtain drugs, such as cocaine, with ease, Swobota feels the biggest problem among teenagers currently is alcohol abuse, which he says is reaching crisis proportions. Swobota, whose research statistics are primarily out of Australia, says that up to 30% of the adolescent population binge drinks at some point, and nearly 75% of those cases have been potentially harmful. He also says this closely compares to adolescents in southern California (Jones, 2009). Interestingly, Swobota says most parents he interacts with are reluctant to admit their children have substance abuse problems. Instead, most refer to their childrens issues as behavioral problem. Most often, the first sign of problems arising are deteriorating grades in school, which prompt parents to seek help (Jones, 2009). We will write a custom essay sample on Substance Abuse and Treatment for Adolescents or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Jean Paul Wils, who works for a program for troubled teens in the Netherlands, says that most of the students he works with come from broken homes, and have lived in poverty for most of their lives. The program Wils works for deals primarily with immigrants. It is estimated that 30 – 40% of adolescent immigrants in the Netherlands have alcohol and drug problems. A group of 14-year-olds were interviewed, and over half admitted to drinking. Of those, 75% admitted to binge drinking. Similar stories and statistics of teen alcohol and drug abuse is found in all countries (Jones, 2009). Recent estimates indicate that 53% of adolescents in the United States have experimented with an illicit drug by the time they graduated from high school. Of those, 32% experimented as early as eighth. It is believed that these estimates are extremely low, as they do not account for youth not attending school (Battjes, Gordon, and Kinlock, 2004). Adolescents living in the Northeast and in socioeconomically disadvantaged urban centers are at particularly high risk for marijuana and other illicit drug use (Adorno, Aguayo, Anderson, Black, Hodge, and Simmons, 2008). Causes Studies have shown that victimization during childhood can be a precursor to substance abuse. Victimization can occur in countless ways, including actual or threatened harm, physical violence, psychological abuse, and neglect. Children are twice as likely as adults to be victimized. Younger children are also more likely to be victimized by older children. Studies have shown that drug and alcohol use may be a coping mechanism for children who have been victimized. It is also proven that adolescents who have experienced victimization have a harder time engaging in substance abuse treatment (Cho, Gotham, And Perron, 2008). The instances of traumatic stress among adolescents in substance abuse treatment centers are high when compared to adolescents in the general community. When youth turn to illegal substances to cope with traumatic stress symptoms, it is a sign that the stress is out of control and needs to be addressed. Most practitioners are not adequately prepared to address traumatic stress. These issues need to be addressed during education or training of practitioners in order to fully treat substance abusers with traumatic stress, otherwise they are more likely to relapse (An, Hall, Smith, and Williams, 2008). Outcomes According to James A. Hall and Douglas C. Smith, substance abuse among adolescents is an enormous societal problem that we need to develop high quality and cost-effective treatment options for. Substance abuse problems during adolescence poses many risks for the future. Adolescents who use are more likely to have addictions as adults. They are also more likely to face delays in normal adult roles, such as relationships, employment, and education (Hall and Smith, 2007). Substance abuse during adolescence is not only a concern because of the direct effects of the substances, but also because they are a predictor of many other problems. It is associated with problems in school, criminal activity, bullying of other adolescents, cruelty to people and animals, and risky sexual activities. It is found that male adolescents are at a higher risk of criminal activity and cruelty to people (Battjes, Gordon, and Kinlock, 2004). Treatment There are many reasons why individuals, both children and adults, do not receive substance abuse treatment. The most commonly reported reason for not seeking treatment is a lack of a perceived need for treatment. According to statistics from 2003 and 2004 surveys, 90. 6% of adolescents with a need for alcohol treatment and 87. % of those needing treatment for drug abuse did not perceive a need for treatment. There are several other commonly mentioned reasons for not seeking treatment as well, including financial barriers, embarrassment or fear about getting treatment, lack of knowledge, and access issues (Adorno, Aguayo, Anderson, Black, Hodge, and Simmons, 2008). Research shows that adolescents seem to be less motivated than adults are to seek or stay in treatment, and that what motivation they have more likely emanates from pressures exerted by external agents such as court officials or family members (Breda and Heflinger, 2004). Female adolescents are reported to have a higher success rate for drug and alcohol treatment than males. For example, results of a study on 203 Native American teens undergoing mandated treatment show that 74. 5% of boys and 87. 1% of girls completed treatment. Of the teens involved in the study, many were referred after legal issues, including drug offenses and violent crimes. It is also reported that the success rate at this facility is higher than the national average, primarily because it has programs specifically tailored for the Native American community (London, 2009). Strengths-Oriented Family Therapy (SOFT) is a treatment program that was developed by social workers. SOFT has an approach similar to many other family therapies and consists of four main activities. First, a family based assessment and motivational feedback. Next, therapist works with individual families through several stages. During the third activity, groups of families are placed together for therapy sessions. In the final stage, SOFT offers case management as needed (Hall and Smith, 2007). Hall and Smith strongly support the SOFT model of treatment because there is such a large emphasis on the family, not just the individual seeking treatment. Statistics have shown that the quality of family relationships can predict adolescent drug use, so building a strong relationship between parent and child is extremely important. They also believe that the focus on positive language, like identifying strengths, staying solution focused, and striving for motivation, plays a major and effective role in treatment, by building the clients self-image and self-esteem (Hall and Smith, 2007). There are many publications dedicated to resources for substance abuse treatment, that include locations, services offered at each, and additional information about the facilities and staff. www. drugstrategies. org is an excellent resource with information for each state, as well as an 800 number that people with substance abuse issues can call to reach trained staff members. Additional resources and information can be found on each states website as well (Internal Medicine News, 2003). Another family based adolescent substance abuse treatment option is the Hartford Youth Project (HYP), based out of Connecticut. One of the most important aspects of HYP is the emphasis on outreach, which involves schools, child welfare, community agencies, families, treatment providers, and others. Outreach workers have proven to be effective in the treatment process by helping substance abusers access treatment and support services, gain skills, reinforcing behavioral change, and education (Adorno, Aguayo, Anderson, Black, Hodge, and Simmons, 2008). HYP’s goal is to reach youth in the community before they became involved with the criminal justice system, in hopes that this would also prevent substance abuse issues. The program was designed to quickly and continuously link families in need to supportive services as part of the intervention process. These supportive services include housing assistance, medical and mental health care, financial support, legal services, vocational training and educational support, transportation, and childcare. These services are considered as important to treatment success as the treatment services themselves, because they can lighten the burdens that lead people to substance abuse (Adorno, Aguayo, Anderson, Black, Hodge, and Simmons, 2008). One of the biggest foals of HYP is to fostering family involvement and build stronger relationships. The belief is that the active involvement of family members in the assessment and treatment planning process facilitates positive treatment outcomes. To accomplish this, family members are constantly involved. Meetings are set up where the child and family are most comfortable. Family members are asked for input on best ways to engage the child. Activities for the family outside of treatment are also an important part of the program and can include sport events, parties, fairs, and camp visits. All of this encourages the families involvement and reinforces the importance of their relationship with the child (Adorno, Aguayo, Anderson, Black, Hodge, and Simmons, 2008). Conclusion It is clear that drug use during adolescence is a serious problem that will likely affect the user for many years into their future. Without appropriate and effective treatment options they are more likely to struggle with addiction and many other problems as adults. It is important to come up with better treatment and prevention options before this problem spirals further out of control.